Koboca
Dhaqaalaha Islamka.
W.Q. Abdikadir yasin
Islamabad Pakistan
Email cyxaaji23@yahoo.com
Ayadoo aay sanadahaan ay soo food saartey dhaqaala xumo dunida ayaa hadana waxaa
dhanka kale waxa jira koboc weyn ku socdaa Bankiyada Islamka, Halka kuwa reer
Galbeed aay la ildaran yahiin khasaaro weyn oo aan kabasho laheyn.
Dhawaan dalka Indonesia waxaa lagu qabtey shirka dhaqaalaha Islamka kasoo lagu
soo qaadey dhaqaalaha xumada dunida ka jirta iyo sida Bankiyada Islamka aay ugu
qeyb qaadankaraan.
Medexweynaha wadanka Indonesia ayaa ku booriyey in Bankiyada Islamka ay
buuxshaan doorka dhaqaalaha ee dunida islamka iyo tan kalaba.
Bankiyada Islamka baa siweyn uga socda dunida islamka iyo tan reer Galbeedkaba
sida Britain, United state of America iyo France.
Wadanka Britain ayaa hada dadku aad uxiiseenayaa Bankiyada islamka. Sidoo kale
wadanka Maricanka ayaa furey Accountiyo ku shaqeeya shareecada Islamka
Dhanka kale wadamada Islamka ayaa waxaa siweyn uga shaqeeya Bankiyada Islamka,
kuwaasoo siweyn kobac ugu socda bankiyada islamka iyo laamaha kale ku shaqeeya
shareecada Islamka. Wadanka Maleysia ayaa ugu horeeya kasoo dhamaan systemka
dhaqalaha wadankaas aay ku shaqeeyaan sharecada islamka.
Waana mida Malaysia manta ka dhigtey wadan aad uhormaraya dhan walba sida ,
education , technology, economics ,and Infrastructure.
Bankiyada Islamka ee ugu caansan wadanka Malaysia.
Affin Islamic Bank Barhed
Alliance Islamic Bank Berhad.
RHB Islamic Barhed.
Dhanka wadama carabta sida United Arab Emirate, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia ayaa
inta badan bankiyadoodu ku shaqeeyaan Islamic bank system ama shareecada Islamka
sida aay qabto.
Kuwoo aan ilaa hada wax dhaqaala bur bur ah soo gaarin ilaa hada ayadoo wadama
reer Galbeedkuna ka qeylinayaa dhaqalaha xumo aan xad laheyn oo soo food saartay
bankgiyadooda.
Bankiyada ugu caansan wadanka United Arab Emirat, Dubai Islamic bank, waa bank
caalimi ah kasoo ku leh xarumo inta badan wadama islamka iyo kuwa reer
Galbeedkaba.
Al_ falaax islamk Bank waxaa laga leeyahey wadanka Saudi Arabia sidoo kale
branch faro badan ku leh dunida oo dhan.
Wadanka Pakistan ayaa sidoo kale ka sheeqaan bankiyada islamka kuwoo si weyn soo
jeeda macaamiil faro badan.
Waxaa ka mid Bankiyada ugu can san Muslim commercial bank, Al_ miisaan Bank,
Habib Bank .
Bankiyada islam ayaa hada siweyn caan uga noqdey suuqdaya calamk.
Waliba maal gashiga bankiyada islamka ayaa hada marayaa meshii ugu sareysey abid
marka loo eego dhan faa,iidada khasaaro la,aanta.
Dhaqaalaha Islama maxuu ku dhisan yahey.
Islamic economics: dhaqaalaha islamka waxuu ushaqeyaa ayadoo sal looga dhigaya
shareecada islamka, sida Quran, Sunnah Ijmac and Qiyaas( analogy).
Waxii ka hor imaanayaa Ma,baadiida islamka iyo danta guud, lagama ganacsan karo
lama soo saari karo waxaa kamid ah Khamrida, Qaadka, iyo dulsaarta(Ribo).
Regulation Islamic economics; Zakat, Jizya, Nisab, Khums, Riba, caamiska, iyo
dhaxalka.
Ayadoo lafulinayo danta guud ee ummada lana ilaanayo danka khaaskaa ee shaqsiga.
Zakat: waxey ka mid tahey arkaanta islamka waxaana ku waajibta qofkasta oo
muslim ah heystana hanti gaartey Nisaab.
Zakat; waa tirka ugu horeeya ee dhaqaalaha islamka iyo la gaalanka fakhriga iyo
qeybinta dhaqaalaba. Tasoo waajib ku ah dowlada islamka in aay soo aruuriso
dibana uqeybiso lacagtii aay soo aruurise. Ayadoo la raacayo nidaamka alle
udejiyey.
Gharar :waa waxaan la hubin(Uncertainty ) sharci ahaan lama ogala in aad gasho
heshiiska noocaas ah.
Riba – waa dulsaar ( "referred to as usury) faa,iido ah waajibna ku ah qofka
qaata deynta in uu baxsho lacagtaa dheeriya. Diinta islamka ma ogaloa wax Ribo
ah. Ha ahaato Riba Al_nasaa ama Ribaa al_fadl.
Riba_alnasaa: waxaa lagu sheegey Sunnada Nabi Muxammed(CSW) sidoo waxaa lagu
xaaraantanimeyey Quranka, waxey lamid tahey adigoo deyn qatey bixinaya lacag
dheeriya bixiya.
Waana mida dhamaan Bankiyada calanku ku sheeyaan maanta ahaanto ayadoo la
isticmaalaya deyn qof ama shirgad ama wadan lasiinayo ama qof dhigta lacag banka
(saving accounting) kadib loosaaro faa,iido. Waxaan ka mid ah simple interest,
compound interest and credit.
Ribaa Alfadli: waxey lamid labo shey oo isku mid ah laakiin kala quality fiican
la isku badasho. kadibna qofka leh laabta quality hooseeya wata uu baxsho dheeri
cadad ah.
Riba alfadli : hada kama shaqeyso dunida laakiin waxaan siweyn uga shaqeysa Riba
alnisaa.
Dhaqaalamaha islamka waa mid ku saleysan xaqiido jirta ( fact and figures) .
Laakiin conventional economics kuma saleysana xaqiida sida contractiyada
dheefkorka ama Ribada(interest). Waana mid salka dhulka ugu dhufatey maanta.
Suuqadaya islamka
Waa suuq xor ah kana jirto tar lama ogala wax Monopoly ama in shaqsi ama shirkad
gaar ah aay heysato dhamaan suuqa oo dhan.
Freedom of exchange: markii labo qof wax kala gadanayaa waa in aay yahiin
labaduba xor lakiin hadii uu yimaado khasab ama (compulsory) waa burayaa beecaa.
Private ownership: qofkasta waxuu xaq uleeyahey in uu hanti gaar yeesho(the
individual's right to private ownership). Tasoo dowladu aaysan xaq ulaheyn in ay
soo faro galiso.
Security of contract: labada qof ee heshiiska kala saxiixdey waxaa mid walba
waajib ah ku ah in aay fuliyaa heshiishkii labaduba.
Habdhaqanka dhaqaalaha islamka (Traditional approach)
Hanti dhamaan hatida waxaa leh Alle SWT oo kaliya ahaado cirka dhulka iyo waxii
dhexdooda sida lagu cadeeyey Quranka Kariimka.
Fuqahada islamka waxey ukala qeybsheyn sadex qeybood hantida ama property. Sadex
nooc ah.
Public property
State property
Private property.
Bankiyada islamka ayaa ku shaqeeya hab ka duwan kuwa kale ee edunka.
Bankiyada islamka ayaa fura sadex accounting oo mid walba leh agenda gaar ah.
a) Current accounting; waxaa isticmaala qofkii aan rabin wax faa,iido ah, ee
kaliya doonaya in uu ku keedsado hantiida meel amaan ah. Waana iska mid dhamana
bankiyada calamka.
b) Public accounting: waxaa lagu ridaa dhamaan waxii lacag ah oo lagu talo galey
sadaqo ama hormarinta wadanka uu ku yaal bankigu( social development).
c) Saving accounting : waxaa iska leh qofkii faa,iido dooon ah. Kaaso lagu
shaqeeyo dhoor nooc oo kala
1) Mudhaaraba: In bankugu ku shaeeyo lacagta kadibna aay wadaag faa,iidada kasoo
baxda. Mudhaaraba kaliya waxaa la wadaagaa faa,iida ee lama wadaago khaasarada
hadii aaysan khasaaruhu aheyn mid ula ka oo bankiga ka timid xagiisa. Mudhaaraba
hanti waxey ka timid hal dhinac shaqada waxey ka timid ah dhinac bankiga, waana
mida aay ku shaqeeyaan dhamaan Bankiyada islamka ee manta ka jira adunka.
2) Mushaarka: faaiido iyo khasaaro wadaag laba dhinacba,bankiga iyo macaamiisha
bankiga . Hal mashruc (project) oo aay ku midoobaan bankiga iyo macaamiisha
bankiga kadib waxii faaiido ah kasoo baxa la wadaago.
Bankiyada islamka ayaa siweyn usoo jiitey macaamill faro badan kuwaasoo ka isugu
jira Muslim iyo Non- muslim.
Waxaan sabab ah habka aay shaqeeyaan bankiyada islamka oo ah hab halal ah
faa,iido kujirto.
Bankiyasa islamka ma laha wax ribo ah ama Gharar.
Mida xiga bankiyada islamka kuma shaqeeyeen wax hanti ah oo la buunbuuniyey.
Waana mida Bankiyada islamka aay ug bad baadeyn economics crisis manta ka jira
sanadahii ugu danbeyey.
Lasoco article kale oo kusuaab bankiyada islamka.
W.Q. Abdlkadir yasin
Islamabad Pakistan
Email cyxaaji23@yahoo.com
Faafin: SomaliTalk.com | March 1, 2009
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